Ihe eji arụ ọrụ dị elu - polyimide (2)

Nke anọ, ngwa nkepolyimide:
N'ihi njirimara nke polyimide ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu na arụmọrụ na kemịkal sịntetik, ọ na-esiri ike ịchọta ụdị ngwa dị iche iche dị ka polyimide n'etiti ọtụtụ polymers, ọ na-egosikwa arụmọrụ dị oke egwu n'akụkụ ọ bụla..
1. Ihe nkiri: Ọ bụ otu n'ime ngwaahịa mbụ nke polyimide, nke a na-eji maka mkpuchi oghere nke moto na ihe mkpuchi maka eriri.Ngwaahịa ndị bụ isi bụ DuPont Kapton, usoro Ube Industries 'Upilex na Zhongyuan Apical.Ihe nkiri polyimide transperent na-eje ozi dị ka mkpụrụ ndụ cell na-agbanwe agbanwe.
2. mkpuchi: eji dị ka mkpuchi mkpuchi maka waya electromagnetic, ma ọ bụ jiri ya dị ka mkpuchi na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu.
3. Ihe mejupụtara ihe dị elu: eji na mbara igwe, ụgbọ elu na akụrụngwa rọketi.Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe nhazi ụlọ na-eguzogide okpomọkụ kachasị elu.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-emepụta mmemme ụgbọ elu US supersonic na ọsọ nke 2.4M, okpomọkụ dị elu nke 177 ° C n'oge ụgbọ elu, yana ndụ ọrụ achọrọ nke 60,000h.Dị ka akụkọ si kwuo, 50% nke ihe nhazi ahụ ekpebiela iji thermoplastic polyimide dị ka resin matrix.Carbon fiber mesikwuru ihe mejupụtara ihe, ego nke ọ bụla ụgbọ elu bụ banyere 30t.
4. Fiber: The modulus nke elasticity bụ nke abụọ naanị carbon eriri.A na-eji ya dị ka ihe nzacha maka mgbasa ozi na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe ndị na-eme redio, yana akwa mkpuchi na ọkụ.
5. Plastic foam: eji dị ka ihe mkpuchi okpomọkụ na-eguzogide okpomọkụ.
6. Injin rọba: E nwere thermosetting na thermoplastic ụdị.Enwere ike ịkpụzi ụdị thermoplastic ma ọ bụ ịkpụzi injection ma ọ bụ bufee kpụrụ.A na-eji ya eme ihe maka mmanye onwe ya, akara, mkpuchi na ihe nhazi.A malitela itinye ihe ndị dị na Guangcheng polyimide na akụkụ igwe dị ka compressor rotary vanes, mgbanaka piston na akara mgbapụta pụrụ iche.
7. Nrapado: eji dị ka elu okpomọkụ structural nrapado.Emepụtara nrapado polyimide Guangcheng dị ka ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi dị elu maka akụrụngwa eletrọnịkị.
8. Akpụkpọ anụ nkewa: eji maka nkewa nke ụzọ abụọ gas dị iche iche, dị ka hydrogen / nitrogen, nitrogen / oxygen, carbon dioxide / nitrogen ma ọ bụ methane, wdg, iji wepụ mmiri si na ikuku hydrocarbon feed gas na alcohols.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka akpụkpọ anụ pervaporation na akpụkpọ ahụ ultrafiltration.N'ihi na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na organic ihe mgbaze nke polyimide, ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche pụtara na nkewa nke organic gas na mmiri mmiri.
9. Photoresist: Enwere ihe mgbochi na-adịghị mma na nke dị mma, na mkpebi ahụ nwere ike iru ọkwa submicron.Enwere ike iji ya na ihe nkiri nzacha agba na-ejikọta ya na pigmenti ma ọ bụ ịjiji, nke nwere ike ime ka usoro nhazi dị mfe.
10. Ngwa na ngwaọrụ microelectronic: dị ka oyi akwa dielectric maka mkpuchi interlayer, dị ka oyi akwa mkpuchi iji belata nrụgide ma melite mkpụrụ.Dị ka oyi akwa mkpuchi, ọ nwere ike ibelata mmetụta nke gburugburu ebe obibi na ngwaọrụ ahụ, ma nwee ike chebe ihe ndị a-particles, na-ebelata ma ọ bụ kpochapụ njehie nro (softerror) nke ngwaọrụ ahụ.
11. Nhazi ihe maka ngosipụta kristal mmiri mmiri:Polyimidena-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na ihe ntinye ihe nke TN-LCD, SHN-LCD, TFT-CD na ihe ngosi kristal mmiri ọkụ ferroelectric n'ọdịnihu.
12. Electro-optic ihe: eji mee ihe dị ka ihe na-agafe agafe ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ waveguide, ihe ntụgharị anya, wdg. Fluorine nwere polyimide na-apụta ìhè na ogologo nkwurịta okwu ogologo oge, na iji polyimide dị ka chromophore matrix nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ nke ihe ahụ.nkwụsi ike.
N'ịchịkọta, ọ bụghị ihe siri ike ịhụ ihe kpatara polyimide nwere ike isi pụọ na ọtụtụ polymers heterocyclic aromatic nke pụtara na 1960 na 1970, ma mesịa ghọọ klas dị mkpa nke ihe polymer.

5. Okirikiri:
Dị ka ihe eji eme ihe na polymer,polyimidea matala nke ọma, na ngwa ya na ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi na ihe nhazi na-agbasawanye mgbe niile.N'ihe gbasara ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ọ na-apụta, a ka na-enyochakwa ike ya.Otú ọ dị, mgbe afọ 40 nke mmepe gasịrị, ọ kabeghị ụdị dị iche iche.Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ na ọnụ ahịa ahụ ka dị oke elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere polymers ndị ọzọ.Ya mere, otu n'ime isi ntụziaka nke nchọpụta polyimide n'ọdịnihu ka kwesịrị ịbụ ịchọta ụzọ iji belata ụgwọ ọrụ na monomer synthesis na polymerization method.
1. Synthesis nke monomers: Ndị monomers nke polyimide bụ dianhydride (tetraacid) na diamine.Usoro nhazi nke diamine tozuru oke, na ọtụtụ diamine dịkwa n'ahịa.Dianhydride bụ monomer pụrụ iche, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na njikọ nke polyimide ma e wezụga maka ọgwụgwọ nke resin epoxy.Enwere ike nweta Pyromellitic dianhydride na trimellitic anhydride site n'otu usoro gas na usoro mmiri mmiri oxidation nke durene na trimethylene ewepụtara na mmanụ aromatic siri ike, ngwaahịa nke nchacha mmanụ.Dianhydrides ndị ọzọ dị mkpa, dị ka benzophenone dianhydride, biphenyl dianhydride, diphenyl ether dianhydride, hexafluorodianhydride, wdg, ejirila ụzọ dị iche iche emepụta ya, ma ọnụ ahịa ya dị oke ọnụ.puku yuan iri.Mepụtara Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ịdị ọcha 4-chlorophthalic anhydride na 3-chlorophthalic anhydride nwere ike nweta site na o-xylene chlorination, oxidation na isomerization separation.Iji ogige abụọ a dị ka akụrụngwa nwere ike ịmepụta Series dianhydrides, nke nwere nnukwu ikike maka mbelata ọnụ ahịa, bụ ụzọ sịntetik bara uru.
2. Usoro Polymerization: Usoro ụzọ abụọ a na-eji ugbu a na otu usoro polycondensation usoro niile na-eji ihe mgbaze dị elu.Ọnụahịa nke ihe mgbaze pola aprotic dị oke elu, ọ na-esikwa ike iwepụ ha.N'ikpeazụ, a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị elu.Usoro PMR na-eji ihe mgbaze mmanya na-adịghị ọnụ.Thermoplastic polyimide nwekwara ike ịbụ polymerized na granulated ozugbo na extruder na dianhydride na diamine, ọ dịghị ihe mgbaze dị mkpa, na arụmọrụ nwere ike imeziwanye nke ukwuu.Ọ bụ ụzọ njikọ nke kachasị ọnụ ahịa iji nweta polyimide site na polymerizing chlorophthalic anhydride na diamine, bisphenol, sodium sulfide ma ọ bụ sọlfọ elemental na-agaghị site na dianhydride.
3. Nhazi: Ngwa nke polyimide dị nnọọ obosara, na e nwere dị iche iche chọrọ maka nhazi, dị ka elu uniformity nke film guzobe, spinning, vepo deposition, sub-micron photolithography, miri ogologo mgbidi osise Etching, nnukwu-mpaghara, nnukwu- olu ịkpụzi, ion implantation, laser nkenke nhazi, nano-ọnụ ọgụgụ ngwakọ technology, wdg emeghewo a sara mbara ụwa maka ngwa nke polyimide.
Site na mmụba nke teknụzụ nhazi nke teknụzụ njikọ na mbelata ọnụ ahịa dị ukwuu, yana akụrụngwa akụrụngwa ya dị elu yana ihe mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik, thermoplastic polyimide ga-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na ngalaba ihe n'ọdịnihu.Na thermoplastic polyimide na-enwekwu nchekwube n'ihi nhazi ya dị mma.

6. Nkwubi okwu:
Ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa maka mmepe ngwa ngwa nkepolyimide:
1. Nkwadebe nke akụrụngwa maka mmepụta polyimide: ịdị ọcha nke pyromellitic dianhydride ezughị.
2. Ngwa ngwa nke pyromellitic dianhydride, ya bụ, mmepụta nke durene dị oke.Mmepụta mba ụwa: tọn 60,000 / afọ, mmepụta ụlọ: tọn 5,000 / afọ.
3. Ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke pyromellitic dianhydride dị oke elu.N'ụwa, ihe dị ka tọn 1.2-1.4 nke durene na-emepụta 1 ton nke pyromellitic dianhydride, ebe ndị na-emepụta ihe kacha mma na mba m na-emepụta ihe dị ka 2.0-2.25 tọn nke durene ugbu a.tọn, naanị Changshu Federal Chemical Co., Ltd. ruru 1.6 tọn / ton.
4. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta nke polyimide dị ntakịrị iji mepụta ụlọ ọrụ, na mmeghachi omume nke polyimide dị ọtụtụ na mgbagwoju anya.
5. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ụlọ nwere mmata ọchịchọ ọdịnala, nke na-amachi mpaghara ngwa ahụ na mpaghara ụfọdụ.Ha na-ejikarị ngwaahịa mba ọzọ eme ihe mbụ ma ọ bụ hụ ngwaahịa ndị mba ọzọ tupu ha achọ ha na China.Mkpa nke ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla sitere na mkpa nke ndị ahịa ala nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nzaghachi ozi na ozi;ọwa isi iyi adịghị ire ụtọ, enwere ọtụtụ njikọ dị n'etiti, na ọnụọgụ nke ozi ziri ezi enweghị ọdịdị.